The Grand Experiment of Communism: Discovering the Trade-off between Equality and Efficiency

This paper aims to explain the rise and fall of communism by exploring the interplay between economic incentives and social preferences transmitted by ideology. We introduce inequality-averse and inefficiency-averse agents and analyze their conflict through the interaction between leaders with economic power and followers with ideological determination. The socioeconomic dynamics of our model generate a pendulum-like switch from markets to a centrally-planned economy abolishing private ownership, and back to restoring market incentives. The grand experiment of communism is thus characterized to have led to the discovery of a trade-off between equality and efficiency at the scale of alternative economic systems. While our focus is on the long-run transitions from capitalism to communism and back observed in the course of the 20-th century, the model also derives conditions under which the two systems converge and become stable.

The Grand Experiment of Communism: Discovering the Trade-off between Equality and Efficiency

This paper aims to explain the rise and fall of communism by exploring the interplay between economic incentives and social preferences in di§erent economic systems. We introduce inequality-averse and ine¢ ciency-averse agents responding to economic incentives and transmitting their ideology as they are a§ected by evolving outcomes. We analyze their conáict through the interaction between leaders with economic power and followers with ideological determination. The socioeconomic dynamics of our model generate a pendulum-like switch from markets to a centrally-planned economy abolishing private ownership, and back to restoring market incentives. The grand experiment of communism is thus characterized to have led to the discovery of a trade-o§ between equality and e¢ ciency at the scale of alternative economic systems

Pair-trading Method based Corporation Portfolio Management

Статья является введением в использование метода наименьших квадратов для исключения общих фундаментальный зависимостей из смежных инструментов. Рассматриваются такие аспекты, как применение метода наименьших квадратов, расчет коэффициентов, анализ результатов и получение выводов о динамике уникальных факторов рассматриваемых инструментов.The article presents an introduction into the usage of ordinary least squares method for connected instruments common fundamental dependencies removal. The article deals with such aspects as applying ordinary least squares method, coefficient computations, results analysis and receiving conclusion of given instruments unique factors dynamics

Polarization tomography of a narrow-band biphoton field

Narrow-band orthogonally polarized collinear frequency-degenerate biphotons are generated in the process of the spontaneous parametric down-conversion of light in a nonlinear BBO crystal placed in an optical resonator. Quantum polarization tomography and polarization transformation of the generated biphoton states are performed. The results from our experiment agree well with theoretical calculations. © Allerton Press, Inc., 2011

ABOUT METHODS OF WATER TREATING FROM OXYGEN TO THERMAL POWER PLANTS USING A PALLADIUM CATALYST

A schematic flow diagram of water using a deoxygenation catalyst which provides energy saving effect shown is.Представлена принципиальная технологическая схема обескислороживания воды с использованием катализатора, обеспечивающая энергосберегающий эффект

A fiber-integrated quantum memory for telecom light

We demonstrate the storage and on-demand retrieval of single-photon-level telecom pulses in a fiber cavity. The cavity is formed by fiber Bragg gratings at either end of a single-mode fiber. Photons are mapped into, and out of, the cavity using quantum frequency conversion driven by intense control pulses. In a first, spliced-fiber, cavity we demonstrate storage up to 0.55$\mu$s (11 cavity round trips), with $11.3 \pm 0.1$% total memory efficiency, and a signal-to-noise ratio of $12.8$ after 1 round trip. In a second, monolithic cavity, we increase this lifetime to 1.75$\mu$s (35 round trips) with a memory efficiency of $12.7 \pm 0.2$ (SNR of $7.0 \pm 0.2$) after 1 round trip. Fiber-based cavities for quantum storage at telecom wavelengths offer a promising route to synchronizing spontaneous photon generation events and building scalable quantum networks.Comment: 8 pages, 7 figure

Collisional and thermal ionization of sodium Rydberg atoms I. Experiment for nS and nD atoms with n=8-20

Collisional and thermal ionization of sodium nS and nD Rydberg atoms with n=8-20 has been studied. The experiments were performed using a two-step pulsed laser excitation in an effusive atomic beam at atom density of about 2 10^{10} cm^{-3}. Molecular and atomic ions from associative, Penning, and thermal ionization processes were detected. It has been found that the atomic ions were created mainly due to photoionization of Rydberg atoms by photons of blackbody radiation at the ambient temperature of 300K. Blackbody ionization rates and effective lifetimes of Rydberg states of interest were determined. The molecular ions were found to be from associative ionization in Na(nL)+Na(3S) collisions. Rate constants of associative ionization have been measured using an original method based on relative measurements of Na_{2}^{+} and Na^{+} ion signals.Comment: 23 pages, 10 figure